Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Protecting Your Vision at Every Age

Dean Cranney

2 days ago2 min read

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults over 50. This common eye condition affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision. While it doesn’t cause complete blindness, AMD can severely impact daily activities such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces and especially some of the activities we enjoy most here in the Pacific Northwest like golfing, skiing and boating.

Types of AMD: Dry vs. Wet

There are two primary types of AMD:

Dry AMD (Non-Neovascular): The most common form, accounting for about 80-90% of cases. It progresses slowly as the macula thins over time.
Wet AMD (Neovascular): Less common but more severe, involving abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina that can cause rapid vision loss.

Ophthalmologist performing an eye exam for AMD detection — Regular eye exams are essential for early detection of AMD.

Early Signs and Symptoms

Recognizing AMD early can help slow its progression. Common symptoms include:

Blurry or distorted central vision
Difficulty recognizing faces
Dark spots or empty areas in vision
Trouble adjusting to low light

If you experience any of these signs, schedule an appointment with your eye doctor as soon as possible.

A visual representation of AMD symptoms, comparing normal and affected vision — AMD can cause distorted vision and blind spots in the central field.

Who is at Risk for AMD?

While AMD is most common in older adults, several risk factors can increase its likelihood:

Genetics: A family history of AMD raises the chance of developing it.
Age: Risk increases significantly after 50.
Smoking: Smokers are twice as likely to develop AMD.
Diet and Lifestyle: A diet low in antioxidants and high in processed foods can contribute to AMD.
Sun Exposure: Prolonged UV exposure may play a role in retinal damage.
Blue Light Exposure: Some studies suggest excessive screen time could increase risk.

A person wearing sunglasses to protect against AMD-related damage — Wearing UV-protective sunglasses can help reduce the risk of AMD

Prevention and Eye Health Tips

Although AMD isn’t completely preventable, you can reduce your risk with these proactive steps:

Eat a Nutrient-Rich Diet: Include leafy greens, fish rich in omega-3s, and colorful fruits and vegetables.
Take Eye-Healthy Supplements: Lutein, zeaxanthin, and vitamins C and E have been linked to better retinal health.
Quit Smoking: Reducing tobacco use significantly lowers AMD risk.
Manage Blood Pressure and Cholesterol: High levels can affect retinal health.
Protect Your Eyes from Blue Light: Use blue-light blocking glasses when using digital screens.
Get Regular Eye Exams: Early detection is key to preventing severe vision loss.

A plate of eye-healthy foods, including salmon and greens — A diet rich in omega-3s and antioxidants supports macular health.

Latest Research and Treatment Options

Thanks to ongoing research, treatments for AMD continue to improve. Some of the latest advancements include:

Anti-VEGF Injections: These slow abnormal blood vessel growth in wet AMD.
Gene Therapy: New studies show promise in using gene editing to prevent AMD progression.
Stem Cell Therapy: Early trials are exploring regenerative options for damaged retinal cells.

A medical researcher working on AMD treatment advancements. — Scientists are making exciting progress in AMD research and treatment

Final Thoughts: Protect Your Vision

AMD awareness is crucial for maintaining long-term eye health. Whether you're in your 30s or 70s, proactive steps like regular eye exams, a nutrient-rich diet, and UV protection can help safeguard your vision for years to come.